Preview. Halfgrown isn’t open yet.

Adolescence 6–24 months

Your confident dog is suddenly spooked by ordinary things, and owners call this a second fear period

A bold adolescent dog turning wary of bins and umbrellas is common in the second half of the first year. Distance is how you get through it.

Your dog walked past those bins for 9 months. Tonight they stopped dead, stared, and would not go near them. A wheelie bin, an umbrella, a man in a hat, a bag caught on a hedge.

What owners mean by a second fear period

Somewhere in the second half of the first year, plenty of confident adolescent dogs become wary of ordinary things. Trainers and owners commonly describe this as a second fear period. It usually eases over weeks.

Whether or not that label is exact, the handling is the same. You do not want your dog spending those weeks rehearsing fear of the bins while you wait.

One rule for the next few weeks

Do not make your dog approach the thing. Working below the point at which your dog reacts is the condition for learning near something they find frightening. Distance is how you get below it.

Let your dog look, then let them choose to move. A dog who is pulled toward a frightening object learns that you come with the frightening object.

What to do at the moment it happens

  1. Stop walking. Do not tighten the leash, and do not tell your dog it is fine in a bright voice.

  2. Move away 10 to 20 feet, calmly, on a curve. Let your dog watch from there for as long as they want.

  3. Feed a few pieces of food on the ground while your dog looks at it. Stop feeding when they look away.

  4. Then carry on past at whatever distance your dog can manage, even if that means crossing the road.

Then 5 minutes a day, on purpose

  1. Pick one thing your dog has become wary of, and find an example of it somewhere quiet.

  2. Stand at the distance where your dog can still take food from your hand. That is usually further back than you expect.

  3. Feed 1 piece each time your dog looks at it, for 2 minutes, then walk away while it is still going well.

  4. Move 3 feet closer only when your dog can look, eat and turn back to you 8 times in a row.

Never finish a session with your dog closer than they are comfortable. Ending on an easy rep is what makes tomorrow's session possible.

Three things that make it worse

  1. Walking your dog into the middle of the thing so they get used to it. That usually ends with a more frightened dog and a leash you can barely hold.

  2. Correcting the reaction. Punishment-based approaches are associated with fear and avoidance, so the bark goes quiet while the fear stays where it was.

  3. Dropping walks altogether for a fortnight. Short, dull walks at quiet hours are better than none.

Safety note

Get help now if your dog is frightened of most things rather than a few, or cannot eat outdoors. The same applies if they have growled, snapped or bitten when cornered. Severe fear needs a veterinarian and a qualified behaviour professional. Book the veterinary examination anyway, because sudden behaviour change warrants one and pain often presents as a change in behaviour.

Get help now

How long this takes

Owners usually describe weeks rather than months, with progress that moves around from day to day. Do not judge it on one bad Tuesday. Nobody can promise you the dog you had at 6 months old, and this work is what gets closest.

Tonight's version, in one line: 20 feet back, food on the ground while your dog looks, and no approaching.

Where this comes from

  • Working below the threshold at which the dog reacts is the condition for learning in the presence of a trigger.

    Fear Free Pets / Landsberg, G., Hunthausen, W., & Ackerman, L. (2013). Behavior Problems of the Dog and Cat, 3rd ed. Saunders.

    Saunders (textbook)

  • Punishment-based approaches are associated with fear, avoidance and defensive aggression.

    American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior (2007). Position Statement on the Use of Punishment for Behavior Modification in Animals.

    avsab.org

  • Reward-based methods are recommended for training and behaviour change; aversive methods carry welfare and behavioural risk.

    American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior (2021). Position Statement on Humane Dog Training.

    avsab.org

  • Relaxation is trained as a behaviour in its own right, in short repeatable sets below the dog's threshold.

    Overall, K. L. (2013). Manual of Clinical Behavioral Medicine for Dogs and Cats. Elsevier.

    Elsevier (textbook)

  • Pain frequently presents as a change in behaviour rather than as obvious lameness.

    American Animal Hospital Association (2022). AAHA Pain Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats.

    aaha.org

  • Behaviour change is built with management plus reinforcement, and sudden behaviour change warrants a veterinary examination.

    American Animal Hospital Association (2015). AAHA Canine and Feline Behavior Management Guidelines.

    aaha.org

Find out where your dog actually is

This article is one problem. The Assessment looks at all of them together, names your dog’s stage, and builds the Plan in order. Free, and no email address.

Start the Assessment

Read next

All articles

Some things need a person who can see your dog. Get help now